Eating more than we need may cause obesity, not as a result of chronically elevated levels of the hormone insulin, rather than obesity causing high insulin levels as has previously been thought. These are the results of new research in mice reported in the December issue of Cell Metabolism, which challenges the widespread view that rising insulin is a secondary consequence of obesity and insulin resistance and adding credence to the growing trend amongst the health-conscious to choose a lower carbohydrate diet to optimise their health and weight.
The new study shows that animals with persistently lower insulin stay trim even as they indulge themselves on a high-fat, all-you-can-eat buffet. The findings come as some of the first direct evidence in mammals that circulating insulin itself drives obesity, the researchers say.
The results are also consistent with clinical studies showing that long-term insulin use by people with diabetes tends to come with weight gain, says James Johnson of the University of British Columbia.
"We are very inclined to think of insulin as either good or bad, but it's neither," Johnson said. A fat loss overview can help you produce a clear describe of what you require to focus on to carry out your fat burning purpose if you're a beginner; or serve as a reminder for these who are at an intermediate or more boost stage of their weightloss strategy. Following are seven steps that can serve as guidelines for your own weight loss program. The first thing that one must understand is that losing weight and losing fat is not a similar thing. Many weight loss courses have fooled people into wondering that it is the same, but most diets and weight loss applications only work by producing a person's body to burn more muscle flesh and water than actual body fat, more help please visit The Fat Loss Factor. "This doesn't mean anyone should stop taking insulin; there are nuances and ranges at which insulin levels are optimal."
Johnson and his colleagues took advantage of a genetic quirk in mice: that they have two insulin genes. Insulin1 shows up primarily in the pancreas and insulin2 in the brain, in addition to the pancreas. By eliminating insulin2 altogether and varying the number of good copies of insulin1, the researchers produced mice that varied only in their fasting blood insulin levels. When presented with high-fat food, those with one copy and lower fasting insulin were completely protected from obesity even without any loss of appetite. They also enjoyed lower levels of inflammation and less fat in their livers, too.
Those differences traced to a "reprogramming" of the animals' fat tissue to burn and waste more energy in the form of heat. In other words, the mice had white fat that looked and acted more like the coveted, calorie-burning brown fat most familiar for keeping babies warm.
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Johnson says it isn't clear what the findings might mean in the clinic just yet, noting that drugs designed to block insulin have been shown to come with unwanted side effects. But, he added, "there are ways to eat and diets that keep insulin levels lower or that allow insulin levels to return to a healthy baseline each day."
High insulin levels cause a barrage of physiological effects in the body; stimulating energy storage in fat cells, driving the release of testosterone in women, changing the way the body metabolizes fats and stimulating hunger among them.
The preponderance of carbohydrate-rich foods in the modern diet, including highly refined grains, flours, sugars and juices which are all broken down into their constituent sugars very quickly, providing a bolus of sugar in the blood for the pancreas to respond very suddenly, is a massive problem and poses an enormous risk to public health. According to the most recent data available from the World Health Organisation, for 2006, 67% of Americans had a BMI of 25 or greater which is considered to be overweight. Of those 67%, half had a BMI or over 30 which is considered to be obese under the current guidelines.
To find your BMI using the metric system, divide your weight in kilograms by your height in meters squared.
To find your BMI using pounds and inches, divide your weight in pounds by your height in inches squared, then multiply the result by 703.
If the resulting number is between 18.5 and 25, you are of a normal weight for your height. Between 25 and 30 is considered overweight and above 30 is considered obese.
If your weight is more than you would like, consider reducing the amount of sugar, flour, rice, bread, cereal and pasta in your diet and increasing fresh vegetables, fruit and water.
Sources:
Arya E. Mehran, Nicole M. Templeman, G. Stefano Brigidi, Gareth E. Lim, Kwan-Yi Chu, Xiaoke Hu, Jose Diego Botezelli, Ali Asadi, Bradford G. Hoffman, Timothy J. Kieffer, Shernaz X. Bamji, Susanne M. Clee, James D. Johnson.Hyperinsulinemia Drives Diet-Induced Obesity Independently of Brain Insulin Production. Cell Metabolism, 2012; 16 (6): 723 DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.10.019
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-12/cp-chi112912.php
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